Indoor plants are grown today in every apartment and house, decorate offices and administrative institutions. In order for flowers to please their healthy appearance for as long as possible, you need to provide them with quality care.

Why transplant indoor plants?

Each plant has features in the maintenance and care, but the procedure for periodic transplantation is common, the need for which arises for a number of reasons:

1. At the time of buying - relevant for imports from abroad. Typically, plants are transported in a substrate designed specifically for transportation. It maintains a special microclimate (temperature and humidity). When watering or fertilizing, changes occur that are harmful to the plant. In this case, they need a more suitable soil.
2. As you grow - along with the flower, the root system also grows, it becomes crowded in the old capacity.
3. Because of illness - with partial rotting of the roots, the plant can be saved by removing damaged parts and moving it to clean soil and another pot.
4. Due to soil contamination - fungi or insects may develop in it.

Did you know? The first English-language book, The Garden of Edem, on indoor floriculture was published in 1653.

When is the best time to do this?

Not all plants develop in the same way, so for some the procedure is recommended in the fall, and for others in the spring. A general rule for all specimens is considered to be a transplant before active growth begins. It is unacceptable to transplant before the period of rest and during it.In most species, the growing season begins at the end of winter. Some fast-growing specimens calmly tolerate the procedure from spring to summer. With blooming species, you should wait until the end of flowering.

Type of transplant

Transplantation methods depend on the type of root system of the plant. With weak roots, you need to be careful not to damage them and not provoke infection by infection. Therefore, many species are transplanted with the remains of old soil. Depending on this, the procedure is divided into methods:

• full - the previous substrate changes completely, shakes off the roots;
• incomplete - part of the earthen coma remains;
• partial - only part of the substrate changes.

Transshipment is a separate species, which causes a flower a minimum of inconvenience. This method is used most often.

Soil used

The origin of the plant, the conditions of the natural environment of growth dictate the need to use a suitable type of soil mixture. In addition, take into account the state of the root system:

• specimens with weak and thin roots need light and loose earth. A leaf or sod layer of soil with decayed plant debris is suitable for them. For better water and air permeability, coarse-grained sand (ferns) is added to them;
• fast-growing species with more developed roots prepare a substrate consisting of equal parts of a layer of turf and leaf land with the addition of manure (pelargonium, fuchsia);
• fleshy and strong roots tolerate clay garden soil with the addition of sand (palm trees).

Capacity selection

The general rule when choosing a container: for each procedure, take a pot slightly larger than the previous one, depending on the ability to grow the transplanted specimen. The shape of the pot depends on the type of root system:

To understand which container material is better, you need to familiarize yourself with the advantages of each:

• plastic - lightweight, with existing holes, easy to clean;
• ceramics and clay - good air and moisture permeability, stable;
• glass (aquarium) - Ideal for a mini garden, but not for plants on the windowsill or floor.

Important! Unsuitable materials are stone and metal. The first is too heavy and inconvenient to care for. The second is corroded, short-lived. Both materials also quickly heat up, which is fraught with root diseases.

Technology

Transplantation is a responsible matter: the life of the plant depends on how correctly the process is carried out. The technology of the procedure involves several stages. More about them.

Preparatory work

The key to success of the whole procedure is disinfected soil and capacity. The soil is calcined in the oven or heated in a water bath. The pot is washed well, treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Drainage is laid at the bottom:

• gravel;
• expanded clay;
• shards of brick.

Transplant process

To make it easier to release the flower from the old tank, the day before the manipulation, the earth is abundantly moistened. Further sequence of actions:

1. The flower is carefully removed from the pot, tapping on its walls.
2. If necessary, remove the old soil, carefully picking from the roots (in plants with branching buds, some of the shoots can be cut).
3. At the bottom of the tank, a small amount of the prepared substrate is poured over the drainage.
4. The flower is laid on the ground, keeping on weight, straighten the roots.
5. They fill the soil, filling the entire tank evenly.
6. The pot is periodically shaken so that the earth is evenly distributed.
7. The root neck of a plant is usually left on the surface.
8. The soil is compacted.

Important! When transplanting a diseased plant, the place of removal of damaged parts of the root must be treated with crushed activated carbon.

Follow-up care

After transplanting, the plant must adapt. To do this, put a flowerpot in a place with diffused lighting. The first 3-5 days (depending on the type) do not water the flower. Then carry out irrigation with warm, settled water.

Some flowers may need top dressing. It is carried out 3-4 weeks after transplantation. The dosage is halved from the usual rate.You can help the plant "come to its senses" with the help of organic top dressing:

• manure
• chicken droppings;
• wood ash;
• yeast.

Useful Tips

A novice grower needs to know not only how to transplant an indoor flower. The following knowledge will come in handy:

1. After purchase, the plant is given 2 weeks to adapt to a new place. If the dormant period is close, it is better to wait with a transplant until spring.
2. Too large plants are easier to make a partial replacement of the soil (provided the safety of the old).
3. Coconut fiber or horse peat can help control the growth of fast-growing plants and reduce the number of transplants.
4. For the prevention of root rot, pieces of charcoal are mixed into the soil.
5. To saturate the roots with oxygen, crushed pine bark is added to the soil.
6. To learn about the complete drying of an earthen coma in a pot, you can tap on its walls. A muffled sound speaks of moisture, subtle and sonorous about the dryness of the earth.
7. To soften hard water for irrigation, potash is added to it.

Did you know? The beginning of indoor floriculture in Russia was laid by Peter the Great. According to his decree, the “pharmacy garden” was first organized, which, subsequently expanding, became the Imperial Botanical Garden.

Possible mistakes

Inadvertence and excessive care lead to a mistake in transplanting indoor flowers. Common mistakes and their consequences:

• too deep landing - can rot roots;
• rest procedure - the plant may die;
• during flowering - buds will fall off;
• lack of soil and container disinfection - fraught with disease;
• incorrect soil - deficiency or excess of moisture, disease;
• cramped pot - slow growth;
• root damage - infection, death.

Floriculture is a simple science, if you take it seriously. Transplanting is a necessary stage in the care of indoor plants, and following its rules, you will not harm the flowers, but prolong their life.